Parliament updates enforcement of court decisions: digitalisation of enforcement proceedings and new restrictions for debtors

The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine has adopted amendments that significantly update the procedure for the enforcement of court decisions and decisions of other authorities. The law provides for the digitalisation of certain stages of enforcement proceedings, strengthens the role of the Unified Register of Debtors, introduces new obligations for banks and payment institutions, and adds further mechanisms for monitoring transactions with debtors' assets.

On 23 April 2026, the newspaper Holos Ukrainy published the Law of Ukraine "On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine on Improving the Procedure for the Enforcement of Court Decisions, Decisions of Other Authorities and the Digitalisation of Certain Stages of Enforcement Proceedings" of 7 April 2026 No. 4833-IX.

For businesses, creditors, banks, notaries and other participants in property transactions, these changes have practical significance. They may simplify debt recovery, but at the same time they impose additional requirements for counterparty due diligence, document preparation and internal procedures.

Key changes

1. New requirements for statements of claim and applications for a court order

Claimants in cases concerning the recovery of funds, as well as applicants in writ proceedings, will be required to specify the details of an account with a bank or a non-bank payment service provider. The application must also be accompanied by a document confirming the existence of such an account.

If no such account exists, an individual or sole proprietor must expressly state this in the application and indicate the preferred method of receiving funds.

2. Enforcement documents and proceedings move to digital format

The law expressly provides for the issuance of enforcement documents in electronic form. The Automated System of Enforcement Proceedings must support key processes — from registration of documents to interaction between enforcement officers and state authorities and financial institutions.

• registration of documents;
• recording of enforcement actions;
• access of the parties to case materials;
• maintenance of an electronic archive;
• operation of the party's electronic cabinet;
• interaction between enforcement officers and state authorities, banks, financial institutions, non-bank payment service providers and e-money issuers.

Enforcement documents will be sent in electronic form to persons who have an electronic cabinet in the Unified Judicial Information and Telecommunication System or its separate subsystem.

3. Part of the procedures for lifting attachments will be automated

In enforcement proceedings where the amount to be recovered does not exceed 10 minimum monthly wages, the Automated System of Enforcement Proceedings will automatically generate a notice of repayment of the debt.

Such notice will serve as the basis for:

• removal of the debtor from the Unified Register of Debtors;
• lifting the attachment on funds;
• lifting the attachment on electronic money;
• lifting the attachment on securities held in electronic form.

A bank, financial institution, non-bank payment service provider, e-money issuer or depository institution must lift the attachment no later than the day following receipt of such notice.

4. The Unified Register of Debtors becomes a key control tool

The law reinforces the importance of the Unified Register of Debtors for property transactions. If property belongs to a person listed in the register, notaries, state authorities, local self-government bodies, other authorities and investment firms must refuse to carry out actions concerning the alienation or pledging of such property, unless an exception is provided by law.

Separately, the law provides that a transaction concerning the debtor's property that has made it impossible to satisfy the creditor's claims may serve as grounds for declaring such transaction invalid.

5. Restrictions on real estate and vehicles are tightened

Inclusion of a person in the Unified Register of Debtors will be grounds for refusing not only notarial actions on the alienation of real estate, but also actions on pledging or mortgaging such property. A similar approach extends to other registration actions:

• real estate — during state registration of ownership and mortgage;
• vehicles — during re-registration or deregistration.

If a territorial body of the Ministry of Internal Affairs finds that the owner of a vehicle is listed in the Unified Register of Debtors, it must refuse the relevant registration action and notify the enforcement officer.

6. Pending full integration of registers, checks will be carried out via the Ministry of Justice website

Until technical interoperability between the Unified Register of Debtors and state electronic databases and registers is in place, the relevant entities must check information about the owner of the property via the official website of the Ministry of Justice by searching and generating a certificate. Checking the status of a counterparty or asset owner becomes practically important even during the transitional period.

7. Banks and payment institutions receive new obligations

Banks, other financial institutions, non-bank payment service providers and e-money issuers will be required to notify the enforcement officer of the opening or closure of an account or electronic wallet of a person listed in the Unified Register of Debtors. Such notice must be submitted on the day the relevant account is opened or closed.

Upon receipt of the notice, the enforcement officer must, no later than the next business day, decide on attaching the debtor's funds or electronic money, unless an exception is provided by law.

The scope of information that banks may disclose to enforcement officers is also expanded. This includes data on accounts, electronic wallets, balances, transactions, payment purposes, deposits and safe-deposit boxes, and in certain cases — the amount of debt under the principal obligation secured by pledge or mortgage.

8. Enforcement against electronic money, securities and deposit funds is regulated

The law sets out detailed procedures for:

• attachment and debiting of electronic money;
• attachment of securities held in the depository accounting system;
• enforcement against funds held in deposit accounts.

This broadens the range of assets subject to enforcement and at the same time makes the procedures more predictable for enforcement officers, banks, payment institutions and depository institutions.

9. Guarantees for certain categories of debtors are preserved

The law preserves certain guarantees for debtors, in particular regarding sole housing in low-value cases. The prohibition on attaching certain special accounts also remains in force, including accounts linked to compensation for property damaged or destroyed as a result of the war.

Separate provisions simplify the notarial processing of medical documents for members of the security and defence forces affected by the armed aggression of the Russian Federation. In addition, for the duration of martial law and for one year after its termination or cancellation, special protection of sole housing is introduced for defined categories of debtors, subject to the relevant application being submitted to the enforcement officer.

10. Document preparation becomes more important for creditors

The law increases the importance of high-quality preparation of materials at the initial stage of enforcement. If a creditor immediately specifies the debtor's accounts, electronic wallets, securities accounts or specific assets in the application for enforcement, the enforcement officer will be required to act promptly after opening the proceedings: to attach or verify the debtor's title to the relevant assets and enforce against them.

A separate mechanism is also introduced for renewing enforcement proceedings after the enforcement document has been returned to the creditor.

What businesses and creditors should pay attention to

First, templates for statements of claim and applications for a court order in debt recovery cases should be updated. In particular, account details must be specified and a document confirming the existence of the account must be attached.

Second, it is advisable to revisit the approach to preparing materials at the enforcement stage. The more information about the debtor's accounts, electronic wallets, securities and other assets is gathered at the outset, the better the prospects for swift and effective recovery.

Third, for transactions requiring notarial certification or state registration, the status of the counterparty or asset owner should be checked in the Unified Register of Debtors. This is particularly relevant for transactions involving real estate, vehicles, pledged property and other assets whose disposal may be restricted.

Fourth, creditors should bear in mind that the law preserves exceptions and restrictions on enforcement against certain assets and accounts of the debtor. This is important for assessing the real prospects of enforcing a decision and planning a recovery strategy.

When the law takes effect

Law No. 4833-IX enters into force six months after the date of its publication. At the same time, certain provisions take effect on the day following publication. This includes the new requirements for statements of claim and applications for a court order, certain changes regarding the electronic form of enforcement documents and electronic document workflow, and rules aimed at faster enforcement actions.

Conclusion

Law No. 4833-IX is an important step towards the digitalisation of enforcement proceedings and improving the effectiveness of enforcing court decisions. For creditors, it creates additional opportunities to identify and attach the debtor's assets more quickly. For debtors, banks, notaries and businesses generally, it strengthens the importance of compliance, counterparty due diligence and proper documentary support for transactions involving assets.